Ganadevta by Tarashankar Bandopadhyay

Another Jnanpith awarded Hindi legend. Originally written in Bengla by Tarashankar Bandhopadhyay. Originally it was written and published as two books, Chandimandap and Panchgram. Later its single-hardbound Hindi translation was published in 1967 by Bhartiya Jnanpith. I bought this book after reading very high praise for it by Jnanpith itself, the editor said "This book is considered to be one of the best books ever written." After reading such beautiful words for any book who won't be interested in reading it. I was no exception. Moreover Tarashankar Bandhopadhyay is considered to be one of the best Bengla authors.

Background of this book is pre-Independence, around 1920-1930 in Bengal, India. Its a very touching story about Indian villagers and their day-to-day problems. First part of the book starts with the introduction of a very small Bengla village, Shivkalipur and its inhabitants. Almost every caste is there in this village, from low to high, all needed to make a community. Problem starts when a few low-caste people deny to do their usual/inheditery work e.g. hair-cut, forgery, carpentry etc. Their complaint is that they are unable to survive on what they are getting for their work. They try to move out of the village to work in mill or do some other work that they are not supposed to do. A panchayat is called at Chandimandap (As the name of first part suggests, Chandimandap, is a place for public gatherings, panchayats and considered very respectable by every villager. Here is a small temple as well which adds some dignity to this place) in order to punish these revolutionary people, Arihant Lohar (Blacksmith) and Girish Badai (Carpenter) but they refuse to follow any suggestion further.

Central characters of this novel are Devnath Ghosh (Debu), Chhiru Paal aka Shrihari Ghosh, Jagan Doctor (A fourth-pass individual who practices as Doctor), Yatin Babu (A freedom-fighter who is kept in this village by police itself so that they can keep an eye on his activities. He is not supposed to take part in any anti-British activity), Durga (A Chamar/leather-worker by caste) etc. Debu is a very respectable person of Shivkalipur as he has passed 12th and teaches in village's only primary school. People of all ages call him Guruji. Initially Debu seems to be a very ordinary person who knows something about this village's problems and wants to have a solution for everything. He thinks too much and wants to do something good for this village and become central character. There is another character, Shrihari Ghosh. He is rich, has a great personality and has a very ill mind. He too wants to be prayed, but nobody likes him. He is considered to be a villain and everyone just hate him. He is ready to do anything for this village, school, temple, hospital, roads, loans to people and all but in return he wants to be god of the village and people have no intention of accepting it. Then he tries all the evil means to break the villagers down and bring them to their knees. He burns their crops, houses at night, uses his power and wealth in flattering the police in order to put few good people in jail for no apparent reason. Most interestingly, he changes his name to Shrihari Ghosh from Chhiru Paal.

Durga a very interesting character in the novel seems to remain mysterious for most of the villagers, they considered her as prostitute who can sleep with any man for some money. She does this for sure to feed herself and her family. Her brother doesn't do any work and counts on her for his living. Despite of unliking her shameless act, he too helps her sometimes by taking her to rich people's house at night and take her back home. Later in the story Debu starts to get involved in social activities and Durga proved herself as extremely helpful to him. Yatin Babu, a stranger to villagers initially too become very respectable person in the village because of his high-caste (Brahmin) and educated, good looking personality. He too provokes Debu to do something for this dying village and later helps him from behind as much as he can.

Second part of the book includes four more villages which are pretty close to Shivkalipur. In fact all these five villages are called Panchgram as a whole. Debu becomes a prime person of all these villages and fights against poverty, starvation and all. He finds himself responsible for feeding every single person in Panchgram and works hard to do the needful. Problems of these villagers seem never-lasting which break this young guy sometimes but he continues to think positive and do what the best he can do to help all of them.

This novel is all about poverty, illiteracy, superstitions, castes, religions and many other very commonly found problems associated with Indian villages. Tarashankar Bandhopadhyay had analyzed the problems very well and depicted them as it is in the book. Being very close to rural India, I could feel what he tried to convey. Bandhopadhyay seems to be the second author who presented the Indian villages very lively to me, first was Premchand! Premchand's Godan made me cry and so did Ganadevta. The poverty, pain, sorrow, problems seem to have no end, they seem to grow everyday. Every kind of problems on this earth find their way to come down to villages and villagers struggle with these till their death. No government, no God, no person can help them.

This is no fairy-tale, except for the climax which surprisingly romantic! This is hardcore poverty description. You might feel disturbed after reading this 580 pages long novel. But believe me if you dare reading it and complete it anyhow, you will find yourself aware of most of the Indian villages. Overall I found the book very good and give it 9/10. Highly recommended to people want to know rural India.

Book Details:
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Ganadevta by Tarashankar Bandhopadhyay,
Publisher: Bhartiya Jnanpith,
Pages: 581
Binding: Paperback
Price: 135
ISBN: